2014 DENİZLİ TOBACCO AGRICULTURE REPORT
The amount of products increased as a result of the uncontrolled increase in tobacco planting areas in 2013 at the point of meeting the orders received by tobacco companies, but the prices did not meet the expectations as the amount of quality products did not increase at the same rate. 6-12TL. The number of producers decreased from 15 thousand to 12 thousand in 2014 due to the prices between. In addition, it is estimated that 3-5% non-contractual tobacco production is made in the region. 30% of the Aegean Region tobacco production according to TUIK data, Turkey took place in Denizli, 23% of tobacco production. The product of 2013 is approximately 219 million TL with an average price of 10.50 KG / TL by taking the tobacco of 15 thousand producers in Denizli. payment has been made.
Preparations for tobacco seedlings in 2014 started in February with the preparation of the seedbed sites and the disinfection of the seedbed soils. Tobacco seed cultivation was mostly carried out in Tavas and Kale districts between 15-25 March, and there were producers who sowed seeds in the first week of March. Producers have prepared to plant their tobacco seedlings between the end of April and the first week of May. The seedbeds are covered with nylon covers to ensure that they are not damaged by cold and rain. The struggle, which collapsed before the seedlings emerged, collapsed after the seedling emergence, and the bluebird struggle continued. In some seedbeds, a fight against earthworms, calf and thrips pests has also been made.
In March and April, as the weather was more open and sunny and the nylon covers could be easily ventilated, fungal diseases did not affect the seedling production much. Producers act consciously in combating diseases and pests. The seeds are usually planted in the Tavas and Kale region by cracking.
Tobacco planting started in the first week of April, but tobacco planting was suspended due to intermittent rains. Planting was interrupted for 20 days due to uninterrupted rains that started on the 10th of May. Tobacco planting was largely completed on 10 June.
Since tobacco planted in Tavas, Kale and Beyağaç districts in April was caught with 10-12 leaves in the rains that started on the 10th of May, the rains continued uninterruptedly and the fields were not allowed to enter the fields. In some of the affected fields, no crushing was made, and in some parts 30-50% of leaves were lost as a result of the disease.
In addition, root rot disease in the field circuit negatively affected the production. In the period with 12-15 leaves in tobacco, there were sleepings from the root throat. However, due to root rot, the tobacco leaves that were toppled from the root neck and continued to grow overturned were crushed. Powdery mildew was seen in July-August, and it was not affected by the struggle. Monster grass also negatively affected the yield in the contaminated areas.
In the Denizli region, tobacco cultivation is carried out at a rate of 30-35% in rented fields. Depending on the condition of the field, the rental fee is 75-100 TL. ranges between. Tobacco planting was done by machine and the planting fee was between 50 and 60 TL per decare. In tobacco plantings, life watering was done by tanker, flood irrigation or sprinkler system.
The atmosphere that emerged with the development of tobacco prices in favor of producers in 2011 and 2012 deteriorated in 2013. Due to the low prices, the number of producers decreased by about 20% in 2014. In addition, more controlled and quality-oriented fertilization in tobacco fertilization stands out as a different application from last year.
Some tobacco companies make their production in Denizli region by applying special fertilization and spraying methods under the name of organic tobacco production. For this type of production, companies make a 5-year contract with the producers and apply a special price tariff to the tobacco produced.
Tobacco planted early and on time was good, while those planted late were slow. Although it varies according to the regions, the average number of leaves can be accepted as 24-28 in those that grow well, and 20-22 in those planted late.
Hoeing works started at the end of May and continued in June. The 1st and 2nd hoeing works were done with a line drawing apparatus attached to the back of the tractor, a hoeing machine and by hand. Hoeing workmanship fees were 40-50 TL. The rains in May had a positive effect on the development of tobacco.
In tobacco planting, the application of medicine from life water is almost 70%, and the application from the top is 30%. In 2014, like 2013, it was a year in which thrips intensified. In previous years, as a result of the application of medicine with life water, thrips were struggled with, while overhead sprayings were made with oil-based drugs. The spotted wilt virus is found throughout the region. Thrips struggle starts when tobacco is planted in the field. The struggles made after May are not successful.
At the end of June, drying greenhouses began to be established in addition to the bottom stripping and crushing works.
Alliance One company carried out the planting of tobacco seedlings in the Ebecik District of Tavas District in an aquatic environment. Since the crushing will be done with the crimping machine, the planting took place with a special tobacco planting machine. He made cracking tests with the machine brought from Greece. In addition, the project work was carried out on an area of approximately 50 decares by performing the stringing work with a tobacco netting machine. With this project work, it is thought that the company predicts that the population in the villages will decrease in the future and plans to do labor-intensive work in tobacco with machines.
The decline in tobacco planting has also been reflected in planting, hoeing and wages. Wages, which increased in tight times, reached up to 60 TL. Generally, it was tried to be done with wages between 40-50 TL. The daily warden can shred a maximum of 10 to 12 lances of tobacco.
The yield per decare in rural and rural areas varies between 65 and 130 kg.
Boxing works of tobacco produced in 2014 were completed, and the appraisal process was carried out by the tobacco experts of the companies in November-December period.
The first level is expected to be 13.00-13.50 TL, with a price of 12.7 TL in December, and the average price is expected to be 12 TL and to be completed in January-February. The companies made advances to producers during the year. Foreign buyers' agreement with Greece to meet their oriental tobacco needs, with tobacco produced in excess in 2013 and stocked by companies, may be against the producers in the Aegean tobacco market, and the increase in dollar / euro prices may be in favor of them.
9.80 TL * 88 KG = 862.5 TL Cost
12.00 TL * 88 KG = 1.056 TL / DA income
1.056-862.5 = 193.5 TL / DA profit is obtained.
Tobacco companies cannot give up the Denizli region. Tobacco produced in 13 districts, especially Tavas, Kale, Güney, and Bekilli, are in demand. Çalıköy, Sofular, Ebecik, Nikfer, Karaköy are the main production points. Various types of Izmir origin tobacco produced in our region give sweetness and slowness to cigarette blends with 0.5-1% alkaloid (nicotine) and 15-25% reducing sugar ratio, improve cigarette blends, sauce (additives) absorbency is good, blend cigarette blends is an indispensable element.
Our annual cigarette consumption is an average of 100 thousand tons, excluding customs evasion and pirated products. With a cigarette consumption of 15–16 billion dollars, we are the 5th largest smoker in the world. 12/12/2014