2018 Denizli Tobacco Agriculture Report
Turkey Tobacco Production: tobacco production in Turkey is based on a contract written according to Article 6 of Law No. 4733 dated 3/1/2002.
Turkey has a convenient ecological conditions, as is known in terms of tobacco production. Tobacco is produced in the Aegean, Black Sea, East-Southeast, Mediterranean and Marmara Regions in our country, which has the best growing conditions of tobacco. 64 thousand farmers produced 93,665 tons of tobacco in 2017 crop year. Within this production figure, the producers who produce in our Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia Regions without a contract are also included in their own names and accounts.
In 2017, 62,171 tons of İzmir Origin tobacco were produced in the Aegean Region. Aegean Region with 22,900 tons of production at 37% and 24% sini 's production is realized Denizli in Turkey, # 2 is located in the Aegean region of Turkey and tobacco production.
Contract Information: For the 2018 production year, 10,500 producers in Denizli have contracted with companies to produce 20,670 tons of tobacco, planting tobacco on an area of 236 thousand decares. 6 companies in our province have made tobacco production contracts.
Production Information: Tobacco is produced in 12 districts of Denizli. Different diseases and pests occur every year in tobacco production areas depending on rainfall and temperature conditions. The mildness of the 2017-2018 winter period and climate changes affected tobacco as well as other products. In hot and dry spring conditions, tobacco thrips populations increased significantly, despite the struggle, yield and quality losses were experienced in tobacco due to the spotted wilt virus disease carried by thrips. Agricultural organizations and tobacco companies have tried to minimize the damage by monitoring tobacco diseases and pests, through land controls and training activities.
In our province, tobacco production starts in February and March with the preparation of the seedbed, seedlings are grown 45-60 days after tobacco seeds are planted in the seedbed, and tobacco planting takes place in April-May. 45-50 days after planting, the shredding starts, the tobaccos that have been crushed are dried in tobacco drying greenhouses and thus the production season is completed. The field cycle of tobacco continues for 3.5-4.5 months. Tobacco production in Denizli is a labor-intensive sector that requires knowledge, skills and experience between February and October.
In Denizli, tobacco production is made on an area of 22.4 decares per household. Although the decare yield varies between 70-120 kg, it can be accepted as 83 kg average decare yield for 2018. In 2018, it is expected that there will be a decrease in production of approximately 11% compared to last year, with the effect of spring period drought and spotted wilt virus disease. Quality is better than last year.
Companies prefer more tobacco produced in rural-rural lands in Denizli. Tobacco produced in 12 districts, especially Tavas, Kale, Güney, Buldan, and Bekilli, are in demand. Çalıköy, Sofular, Ebecik, Nikfer, Karaköy, Alaattin are the main production points.
Tavas, Kale and Beyağaç Districts meet approximately 67% of Denizli's tobacco production. Tobacco is the primary business in agricultural production in this region. Tobacco has an important place in the economy of the region.
Tobacco Market: 7 types of contracts have been signed in tobacco production contracts. The pricing will be made with the prices between 20-21 TL for the 1st type and 5-8 TL for the 7th price. Due to the upward movements in exchange rates and rising production costs in producers, it has been expected that the average prices will be a few liras higher.
Identification and evaluation of tobacco for the production year 2018 will start in November-December, and purchase and payment works in January-February. During the production season, producers receive advances from companies. It is expected that approximately 19.5 thousand tons of tobacco will be produced, sold at 20 TL / KG and will contribute 390 million TL to Denizli's economy.
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Exports: Leaf tobaccos of Izmir Origin produced in our province are shipped to tobacco companies' warehouses and tobacco processing facilities in Izmir. Tobacco, which is boxed with mixed hand and types, is standardized in tobacco processing facilities in the way and quality requested by cigarette companies. During this process, it is ensured that tobacco is fermented with moisture and temperature applications. Fermented tobaccos become to be used in the cigarette industry after a certain period of rest.
İzmir origin tobacco is in the oriental type tobacco class. These tobaccos are in the tobacco group with high aromatic and quality properties. Nicotine content is accepted as 0.5-1%. The sugar content is at the level of 15-18% and gives a sweet taste. Low nicotine content, suitable sugar ratio and high level of aromatic substances give cigarette blends the desired balance of taste and aroma. It improves cigarette blends, has good sauce (additives) absorbency and is an indispensable element of sauce cigarette blends. These tobaccos are added to the blends at a rate of 10-15%. Approximately 12-13% of the tobacco produced in the Aegean Region is used in the cigarette industry in our country. The remaining part is exported. The export center of tobacco is İzmir Province. In 2017, an income of 278.1 million USD was obtained in return for 35.9 thousand tons of exports. Aegean region tobaccos have an 80% share in the general tobacco export.
Sectoral Problems: 70% of the tobacco producers in our city are over the age of 50. It is thought that tobacco production will tend to decrease in the coming years due to the farmers turning to alternative products in the fields of migration, retirement or tobacco. Tobacco companies have difficulty finding young and new producers to contract.
Producers or their representatives should also be involved in determining tobacco prices. It is stated in the contracts that 10% product surplus will be bought by the buyers, and the excess will not be taken. Manufacturers may be in a difficult situation for excesses of more than 10%. November 15, 2018